作者：李剑锋1, 郝晓光1, 曾四鸣1, 陈泽西2, 蒋思宇2, 张德隆2, 李美成2, 马瑞1
作者单位：1. 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，河北 石家庄 050000;
2. 华北电力大学新能源学院，北京 102206
关键词：综合能源系统;碳排放;电/热混合储能;优化配置
摘要：
在碳达峰、碳中和的战略目标下，整合多种异质能源、降低碳排放成为综合能源系统发展的重要议题。储能系统作为综合能源系统的重要组成部分，其系统的优化配置需要考虑碳排放因素的各种影响。该文针对综合能源系统降低碳排放的需求，研究碳排放下储能的优化配置问题，构建电/热混合储能的双层优化模型。首先建立综合能源系统的内层优化运行模型，考虑冷、热、电的能量平衡和蓄电、蓄热设备等运行的约束条件；其次构建综合能源系统电/热混合储能的外层优化配置模型，在分析投资成本、维护成本、运行成本等经济性目标的基础上，将碳排放目标加入优化目标函数中，以分析碳排放因素对综合能源系统储能优化配置的影响；最后，研究以实际数据为算例，对该文提出的模型方法进行仿真分析。结果表明：通过合理配置储电、储热设备可提高综合能源系统运行的经济性，也可减少因供能不足造成的缺电、缺热问题，用户在电储能系统营利时，会一定程度提高系统的碳排放。研究提出优化配置混合储能设施以降低综合能源系统碳排放的建议。
research on optimal energy storage configuration of integrated energy system considering carbon emissions
li jianfeng1, hao xiaoguang1, zeng siming1, chen zexi2, jiang siyu2, zhang delong2, li meicheng2, ma rui1
1. state grid hebei electric power research institute, shijiazhuang 050000, china;
2. school of new energy, north china electric power university, beijing 102206, china
abstract: under the background of carbon peak, carbon neutralization strategy, integrating multiple heterogeneous energy sources and reducing carbon emissions have become an important issue in the development of the integrated energy system(ies). as an important part of ies, the optimal configuration of the energy storage system needs to consider various influences of carbon emission factors. aiming at the demand of ies to reduce carbon emissions, this paper studies the optimal allocation of energy storage under carbon emissions, and constructs a bi-level optimization model of electric / thermal hybrid energy storage. firstly, the internal optimal operation model of ies is established, considering constraint condition which includes the energy balance of cold, heat and electricity, the operation constraints of energy storage and heat storage equipment and so on. secondly, the outer optimal allocation model of electric / thermal hybrid energy storage of ies is constructed. based on the analysis of economic objectives such as investment cost, maintenance cost and operation cost, the carbon emission objective is added to the optimization objective function to analyze the influence of carbon emission factors on the optimal allocation of energy storage of the ies. finally, taking the actual data as an example, the model method proposed in this paper is simulated and analyzed. the results show that through the rational allocation of power storage and heat storage equipment, the economy of the operation of the ies can be improved, and the problems of power shortage and heat shortage caused by insufficient energy supply can be reduced. when the electric energy storage system is profitable, the carbon emission of the system will be increased to a certain extent. the study proposes to optimize the allocation of hybrid energy storage facilities to reduce carbon emissions of the ies.
keywords: integrated energy system;carbon emission;electric/thermal hybrid energy storage;optimal configuration
2022, 48(7):83-89 收稿日期: 2022-01-18;收到修改稿日期: 2022-02-28
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（71974055）；国网河北省电力有限公司2020年科技项目（kj 2020-046）
作者简介: 李剑锋（1986-），男，河北石家庄市人，高级工程师，硕士，研究方向为新能源调频能力评估与综合能源系统优化运行
参考文献
[1] zhang t t, she x h, ding y l. a power plant for integrated waste energy recovery from liquid air energy storage and liquefied natural gas[j]. chinese journal of chemical engineering, 2021, 34(6): 242-257
[2] 刘畅, 卓建坤, 赵东明, 等. 利用储能系统实现可再生能源微电网灵活安全运行的研究综述[j]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(1): 1-18, 369
[3] 胡娟, 杨水丽, 侯朝勇, 等. 规模化储能技术典型示范应用的现状分析与启示[j]. 电网技术, 2015, 39(4): 879-885
[4] 陈琦, 李红伟, 周海林. 考虑风电消纳的电-热综合能源系统经济运行研究[j]. 中国测试, 2022, 48(1): 116-121
[5] bozorgavari s, aghaei j, pirouzi s, et al. two stage hybrid stochastic/robust optimal coordination of distributed battery storage planning and flexible energy management in smart distribution network[j]. journal of energy storage, 2019, 26: 100970
[6] guo l, liu w j, cai j j, et al. a two-stage optimal planning and design method for combined cooling, heat and power microgrid system[j]. energy conversion and management, 2013, 74: 433-445
[7] 门向阳, 曹军, 王泽森, 等. 能源互联微网型多能互补系统的构建与储能模式分析[j]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 39(19): 5727-5737, 5929
[8] 熊宇峰, 陈来军, 郑天文, 等. 考虑电热气耦合特性的低碳园区综合能源系统氢储能优化配置[j]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(9): 31-38
[9] 文明, 胡资斌, 龙乙林, 等. 考虑碳排放惩罚因子的综合能源系统优化规划[j]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2021, 36(3): 11-18
[10] 王凌云, 李佳勇, 杨波. 考虑电储能设备碳排放的综合能源系统低碳经济运行[j]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(6): 2334-2342
[11] liu s, zhou c, guo h, et al. operational optimization of a building-level integrated energy system considering additional potential benefits of energy storage[j]. protection and control of modern power systems, 2021, 6(1): 1-10
[12] 严晓生, 吴迪. cchp系统优化配置及与传统热电联产系统的性能对比分析[j]. 中国测试, 2020, 46(7): 159-168
[13] 龚逊东, 薛溟枫, 毛晓波, 等. 电转气成本特性对电–气–热综合系统调度的影响[j]. 中国测试, 2020, 46(7): 33-39
[14] liu h z, xu l, han y, et al. development of a gaseous and solid-state hybrid system for stationary hydrogen energy storage[j]. green energy & environment, 2021, 6(4): 528-537
[15] 冯奕, 应展烽, 颜建虎. 考虑碳排放成本的多能互补微能源网储能装置优化运行[j]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2021, 49(8): 92-99
