作者：葛竹1,2, 马铁华1,2, 杜红棉1,2, 秦泗超1,2
作者单位：1. 中北大学 电子测试技术国家重点实验室, 山西 太原 030051;
2. 中北大学 仪器科学与动态测试教育部重点实验室, 山西 太原 030051
关键词：激波管;驱动气体;反射激波阶跃压力;上升沿时间;超调量
摘要：
不同的驱动气体、膜片厚度、传感器外形结构差异等因素均会影响校准系统的准确度，该文主要针对不同驱动气体对校准准确度的影响进行对比分析。选取空气、n2、co2和h2 4种气体作为高压区驱动气体，在相同厚度膜片下，根据兰基涅-胡果尼方程计算出破膜后各气体所产生的入射激波阶跃压力和反射激波阶跃压力，通过相关试验验证计算结果并考察不同气体所产生激波的上升时间、超调量等动态特性指标。试验结果表明：用不同气体驱动时，所产生激波的阶跃压力幅值大小差异明显，其中co2源产生的激波阶跃压力幅值最小，h2源产生的激波阶跃压力幅值最大，所产生激波的动态特性差异不大，对激波管校准试验中高压区驱动气体的选择具有参考意义。
effects of different driving gases on the characteristics of shock tube calibration system
ge zhu1,2, ma tiehua1,2, du hongmian1,2, qin sichao1,2
1. national key laboratory for electronic measurement technology, north university of china, taiyuan 030051, china;
2. key laboratory instrumentation science and dynamic measurement of ministry of education, north university of china, taiyuan 030051, china
abstract: shock tube can be used as a pressure calibration device because of its good step pressure signal, especially in the dynamic calibration of shock wave overpressure. the factors such as different driving gas, the thickness of the diaphragm and the structure of the sensor will affect the accuracy of the calibration system. this paper focused on the influence of different driving gas on the calibration accuracy. it selected four kinds of gas:the air, n2, co2 and h2, as the driving gas in the high pressure region, and under the diaphragm of the same thickness, it calculated the generated shock step pressure and reflected shock step pressure of the gas after rupture of the diaphragm with the lange nirvana-hu guoni equation, so as to verify calculation results through relevant tests and investigate the index rise time, shock wave overshoot and other dynamic characteristics of different driving gases. the experimental results show that the generated step pressure amplitude is obviously different for different driving gases, the amplitude is the smallest for the co2 and the largest for the h2, and the dynamic characteristics have no great difference. it has important significance in choosing the driving gas for the high pressure region in the calibration test of shock tube.
keywords: shock tube;driving gas;reflected shock step pressure;index rise time;wave overshoot
2017, 43(8): 125-128,135 收稿日期: 2017-01-19;收到修改稿日期: 2017-03-23
基金项目:
作者简介: 葛竹(1992-),男,安徽安庆市人,硕士研究生,专业方向为仪器科学与动态测试。
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